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As for many other branches of medicine, the future of implant dentistry will be shaped by biotechnologies, which are already in use in clinical practice. For example, the capability to regenerate new bone tissue in the desired sites without graftings, which are high-risk and high-discomfort surgical procedures. Modern tissue engineering techniques can lead to either “in vivo” regeneration techniques (when the tissue is regenerated directly in the patient) or “in vitro” regeneration techniques (when the tissue is recreated before being grafted to the patient). For the first type of techniques, specific growth factors such as BMPs (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins) can be used locally in order to induce the transformation of osteoprogenitor cells into osteoblasts, cells responsible for bone formation. For the second type of technique, three factors are necessary: 1) progenitor cells (e.g. staminal mesenchymal stem cells, which can be obtained from bone marrow); 2)osteoinductive growth factors; 3)a scaffolding for the forming bone tissue, made of biocompatible material. Growth takes place in a so-called “bio-reactor” in which all ideal conditions for bone tissue growth are reproduced (temperature, humidity, oxygen, pH, etc.). The regenerated bone tissue can be grafted to the patient with minor discomfort, and an adequate bone volume for implant surgery is obtained. Most probably in the next few years the use of modern bio-molecular technology for regenerative techniques in implant surgery will become wider and wider, but only if costs, currently extremely high, decrease to affordable levels, will make these technologies available for clinical practice.